Method of weaving in shuttleless looms



y 22, 1952 w. J. BUDZYNA ET AL 2,604,124

METHOD OF WEAVING IN SHUTTLELESS LOOMS Filed Oct. 22, 1949 2SHEETS-SHEET l INVEN TOR. WALTER JBUDZYNA y MAURICE RFLAMAND A TT ORNE Yy 1952 w. J. BUDZYNA ETAL 2,604,124

METHOD OF WEAVING IN SHUTTLELESS LOQMS Filed 001;. 22, 1949 2SHEETS$HEET 2 34 as 65342 2a 26 as E 31 so r 27 INVENTOR. WALTER JBUDZYNA y MAURICE RI'IAMAND A TTORNE Y Patented July 22, 1 952 1 METHODOF WEAVINGIN SHUTTLELESS Walter 'J. Bud'zyna, East Douglas, .Massv andMaurice RrFlamand, Central Falls, R. L, as-r signors to DraperCorporation, Hopedale, Mass a corporation of Maine Application ctober22, 1949, Serial No.'122;9s2

. 1 This'invention pertains to improvements in methods of operatingso-called shuttleless looms, and more specifically, to improvements in amethod of operation thereof toimprove the control of the filling as itis inserted in the warp shed, to prevent the loose end of the fillingfrom becoming unduly slack or displaced, and for facilitating thetransfer of the filling thereby to assure complete certainty of thatfunction as each pick is inserted and extended across'the shed.

Itis a general object'of the invention to control thefilling during itsinsertion at successive picksso as to effect transfer from one fillingcar-- rier to another more positively and while the filling is underappreciable tension,'tliereby'to perform the function repeatedly andwithout failure.

It is a further object of the invention to revise the method ofoperation of looms of the type described so that the loose end offilling shall always be under a maximum of control, and so that at theconsecutive picks incidental to the insertion of each pair ofinterconnected picks the filling shall be manipulated under ,as nearlystandard and idealconditions as is, practicably feasible;

According to previous methods forcontrolling.

beingwoven'. Certain difliculties arise from that,

method .of'operation althoughithas the advantage" of complete balance ofthe movement of the parts'sincejeach carrier moves the same dis.-vstance as the? other and" also consumes the same amount of time ineffecting its filling inserting movement. However, certain disadvantagesarise.

from this commonly accepted mode of operation,

one of which is that, while placing. the filling motion includingvarious thread holding. members, thread 'guidingmeans and a severingmeans, all as close to theend of the lay as is practicable, the ends ofthe filling (either released 9 Claims. (01. 199-127) 2 or severed) arealways free: durin a considerable extent of movement of the ca'rriers orfor an' appreciable period of. time before actual transfer of thefilling from one carrier to the other is effected. Another disadvantageis that when 'the'un'controlle'da end is evident or existent for agreaterperiodofftime before-transfer; there is a greater likelihood thatthe end: may whip around in a wild fashion: and assume a position or getinto a condition whichv will result an imperfection in the finishedfabric;

When the endv of the" filling is released or severed too great a periodof time before transfer,- that function may be affected so that thetransfer ismissed? Ifthathappens an imperfect pick is introducedand-.the looml mustbe stopped andrth'epick removed or the imperfectionallowed to remain in the fabric; 'I'he functii-in of transferring, aswill hereinafter be more thoroughly described, is dependent tension inthe filling during: its insertion by the first carrier to engage it atthe filling motion and which projects or pushes a doubled length of thefilling part way throughthe' slied. Theother carrierin the form of ahooked instrument enters or otherwise cooperateswith' the first toengage the doubled length of filling and to extend the loose end thereofacross the remainder ofithe shed. An appreciableamountofpiessureis exerted against the} filling by'the hooked end of the second carrier inorder to cause thatfiiling to deflect and tobecomefen'gaiged within atrap thereof. If'thetensioninthe filling as presented by the firstcarrier is not great enough, then the second carrier may not effectpropen'and complete engagement, but maymerely push the; filling asideand then-retinn' to its endofi the loom without performing its intendedfunction. In obviating the above mentioned difliculties and according.to the invention hereinafter described in greater detail, the fillin'gas presented by the first carrier is maintained under sufficient tensionso that it is relatively. taut when it arrives at that point" atwhichit'i'sengaged by thesecond carrier;

That-is accomplished by careful'l timingthe 3 of the carriers is timedto cause transfer before there is any sensible slack in the doubledlength of filling inserted. In so doing the actual transfer is eifectedwhile the parts are off center and limited to any particular type offilling inserting which is spring-pressed into engagement with the otherat such times as the filling is to be heldagainst withdrawal from thesupply, but which are separated against the tension of the spring orother resilient means at all other times.

After passing through the binder or' clamp 26-2! the filling is guidedby devices adapted periodically to reverse its position so that,preferably, the loose end (either released or cut) is always beneath thecarrier mechanism by which it is inserted. That contributes to moreeffective operation of mechanism of this. type, .although it is to beunderstood that such reversing of the filling is not absolutelyessential to the effectiveness of the method herein described andclaimed.

This-method is adapted to be employed in looms mechanism other than thatsaid mechanism shall preferably comprise carrier: members recipirocatedinto and from a warp shed, one of said carriers functioning to insertadoubled lengthof filling and the other to which the first transfers itsfilling, functioning to draw or extend a severed or otherwise releasedend of that filling to the opposite edge of the fabric. The inventionwill be described hereinafter by reference to the accompanying figuresof drawing wherein: Fig. 1 isa perspective view showing parts of a loomof the type des'cribed'at acritical point during the insertion of apick'offilling' according to the method herein described and claimed. 1i

Fig. 2 'is a "similar perspective.viewcshowing parts and the methodinvolved atia similar phase in the insertion of'the nextadjacent pick;-

' Fig; 3 is a planviwof the transferring portions of filling carrierswhichmayrbetemployed in the practice of the'invention". "I i Fig. dis anelevation of f those parts illustrated inFig'B';

Fig.5 is a section taken'at line'5-5, Fig."4.

Figs;- 6-13 aregdiagramm'atic :views' showing steps incidentalto1practice"of the invention. :1' Y Fig." 14; is a view, showing that.type-0f fabric incidental tozth'e weaving of which the invention maybepracticedg" t 1 l .Nowreferring to-Figspl and 2, enough of a loom towhich the invention has been applied is illustrated to serveas a basisfor a description of the method involved; For-a more complete anddetailed description of a loom of this type, reference is; herebymadefl-to' application Serial No. 71,622, filed January 1 19, 1949. Theloom has, among other parts, a lay-beam adaptedto be swung to and from.extreme positions and to be held in, av position suchas that illustratedduring a dwell period at which :time :the filling is inserted. The warpthreads, generally indicated by-numeral 2I,. are passed. through areed 22, andare so ma-;

nipulate'dfasto'form'ashed-of the. usual type by any convenient .means,for example, the well known harness mechanism including cams, heddles,etc.

The filling mamtaiiiedas'an external source of V supply 23mayfbersup-ported on any convenient creel or. other devicea'dapted tocarryv a package or connectedpackagesbf substantialsize such as thoseused in s'huttleless V looms the filling .supply of which is maintainedstationary and externally'of theinserting ,i'levic,e"s.,.- 2

That filling F drawn [from the package 23 is guided through certainapertures in, guiding means 24 and 25 and at or adjacent that point, isacted uponat certain desired times during the cycle of operation by abinder or clamping mechanism" 26- 21. Sue-hi clampingmechanism may takethe forni of'ppposed pads or plates one of in which the loose end ismanipulated as just above indicated, or where that added refinement isnotavailed of. 20'

- Here, the reversing device is comprised as an eyelet guiding means 28carried by a reciprocating rod 29 the movements of which are governed bycertain cam mechanism not necessary of description here.

In addition, a depressor in the form of a hook or the equivalent, andindicated by numeral 30, is employedfor drawing the lling from an upperto a lower elevation, and in combination with the eyelet 2,8 and a trap,thehook serves first to assure that that portion of the filling runningdirectly from the supply is fedabove the filling carrier, and on'thenextpick, below that carrier. e

After passing through the filling reyersing mechanism, it passes eitherthrough a second binder or clamp employing one element 3| and a combinedclamping means 32 which is also apart of a movable trap member 33cooperating with a relatively fixed trap member 34. Theparts 32 and 33are mounted on a reciprocating rod 35 and by means of cams or otherequivalent devices, are 'reciprocated or otherwise moved to and fro sothat the filling maybe clamped or'held between the binder elements 31and 32, or upon release therefrom, may be trapped by the elements 33 and34 to be released at such, time as is found advantageous in the cycle ofoperation. 7

V In cooperation with the binder elements 3| and 32 and the trap, acutter including the blades 36 and 31 functions to sever the fillingwhenever a suflicient amount thereof has been withdrawn as willhereinafter be described.

The actual means'employed toinsert the" filling as shown in Figs. 1-5comprises carriers 38 and 39 each of which is in some manner more or;less permanently aifixed at the-inner end of a reciprocating'carrieractuating means 40 or 4| as the casemay be, the latter in the specificexample given being formed from flexible strip material and having aninherent'tendency to assume and retain a rectilinear form. As describedin the application above mentioned, and as isunderstood by those,conversant with this particular art, these flexible strips or tapes arepreferably wrapped about tape wheels which are positioned at the sidesof the loom and which are oscillated to and fro in properly timedrelationship-to .the movement of other parts. .It .is preferable thatthey be given substantially all of. their movement incidental toinserting the filling while the. lay

equivalentdevices adapted: to' provide a dwell which may approximatesubstantially one-half the period of time consumed in the insertion andbeating-up of a complete pick of filling. r

ness due to the action ofifilling feeling mech'anism' "which forms apart of the filling stop motion. Since the transfer takes place at anearlier point during the insertion of the pick and closer to the supplyside than the opposite side at which the 'pick'is actually releasedandits short end left extending at the edge of thefabric, there is moretime available for the filling feeling function, that is, more time-isavailable for permitting that element to engage the filling and to slipoff the filling as it does, or, in the event the filling is not present,to indicate that stopping of the loom 'is required. 'Heretofore, incertain instances, thefilling has been released by the carrier 39 beforethe filling feeling function had. been completed. That has been foundundesirable, although the adverse results have been definitelycontrolled by other means which forms no part of the present case. Hereit is not necessary, or at least not as necessary, to employer differentharness motion since the feeling of the filling may take place withoutundue rapidity and tension is maintained by the carrier 39 which willrelease the filling only'after it is no longer necessary to tension it.

Now referring to Figs. 6-13 which show diagrammatically diiferent pointsin the complete cycle of inserting two connected picks, the method andactual operation of the mechanism in accordance with the: principles ofthe invention will be reviewed. In Fig. 6' which may be considered thestart of the cycle, although the carrier 38 has actually'moved for ashort distance and is shown engaging the filling F, it is to be notedthat that filling is held by the binder 3|, trap 33 is open and the hook30 has drawn the filling downwardly beneath the path of the carrierwhile eyelet 28 has moved it directly in align ment with notch 42therein.

In Fig. 7 the carrier has extendedthe filling drawing it from the supply23 and is starting to introduce a doubled length thereof into the shedof the warp.

In Fig. 8 that movement has been carried forwardly and the outer binderelements'26 and 21 close to prevent funther filling being drawn-off thesupply since an adequate length will have been measured off so that thereleased end here shown as just leaving the inner binder will extend tothe opposite edge of the fabric. 'At this time it will be noted that thecarrier 39 is practically in engagement with carrier 38 and thattransfer must occur very quickly.

In Fig. 9 the trap. 33 has closed thereby trapping the yarn in positionso that it will, in conjunction with an offsetting movement of eyelet 28and the downward movement imparted thereto by hook 30, be reversed inpreparation for being taken by carrier 38 at the next following pick;Here the carrier 39 is drawing the filling across th remainder of thewidth of the fabric. a

In Fig. '10 the position of elements is shown at the time the carrier 38again engages the filling.

which is now connected at the'selvage, passes through the trap, and isfree to be drawn from the supply.

In Fig. 11 the carrier 38 has started to project the second pick ordoubled loop of filling drawing it from the supply and in thisparticular position the trap 33 is about to open thereby releasing thatend of the material so as to tighten the selvage loop. I I

In the following Fig. 12 the carrier has reached its extreme positionand almost simultaneously therewith, the cutter blades have severed thefilling, it being understood, of course, that the repeated.

inner binder 3| closes at that point to retain the cut end which extendsback to the supply. Transfer is preferably completed as'heretoforestated just after severing.

After the completereturn of the carrier 39 to the edge of the fabric,the end is released thereby completing one cycle incidental to theintroduction of two connected picks. That point is shown at Fig. 13 andthere the cycle is aboutto be In Fig. 14 a short piece of fabric hasbeen diagrammatically illustrated and the selvage loops S are shown atthe righthand edge while the short extending ends E are shown atthe'left hand side. It is to be understood that some type of selvage orlocking means is. preferably employed at the latter edge such, forexample, as one of the well'known twisted selvages understood by thoseconversant with this art' and not necessary of description here.

The invention has been described in' more or less specific terms and byreference to its application to a particular type of shuttleless loom.It is to be understood that these looms take varying forms and thatinstead of the fiexible tapes 40 and 4|, the carriers may bereciprocated by relatively stiff and straight elements such .as needlesand that the actual carriers themselves and the filling handling devicesmay be drasbe realized when practiced during weaving in any loomsfalling withinthe general category to which reference has been madeherein.

' While one embodimentof the invention has been disclosed it is to beunderstood that the inventive concept may be carried out in a number ofways. The invention is, therefore, not to be limited to the precisedetails described, but is intended to embrace all variations andmodifications thereof falling within the spirit of the invention and thescope of the claims.

We claim:

' l. A method of controlling the loose end of a pick of'filling and offacilitating transfer of that filling in a shuttleless 100111 of thetype having carriers for filling fed from an external source of supply,a first one of which carriers is employed for inserting the pick partway through a shed of warp threads and the second of which is employedtoreceive the pick from the first and to extend it through the remainderof the shed, the steps of terminating the movement of that car'- rierwhich first projects the material for the pick at a point substantiallyshort of the mid point of the width of the warp shed and releasing anend of the said filling as soon as a length thereof sufficient to reachacross the shed has been measured, and substantially simultaneouslytherewith and at said point at which movement of'the firstcarrier isterminated, effecting transfer of the pick from the first carrier to thesecond andthen extendingit to the opposite end of the shed. e

2. A method of controlling theloose end of a pick of filling and offacilitating transfer of that filling in a shuttleless loom of the typehaving carriers for filling fedfr'om an external source of supply,afirst one of which carriers is employed for inserting the pick part waythrough-a shed of warp threads and the second of which is employed toreceive the pick'from the first and to extend it through the remainderof the shed,

theisteps of terminating 'the'inovement of that 91. carrier which firstprojects th'e materialforth pick at a pointsubstantially-short of enemapointiof the width of the warp-shed and /severing said fillingas soon asa: length thereof suffic-ie'nttm reachacross-the-shedhas been measured,ane substantially simultaneously therewith and atsaidpoint atwhich-movement of the first carrier is terminated; efiectingtransfer ofthe pick from the first carrier to the-second and then extending it tothe opposite end of the shed.

3; method ofcontrolling the loose endof a pick of filling and offacilitating transfer of that filling in a shuttleless loom of the typehaving carriers for filling fed from an external source of supply, afirst one of which carriers is employed for inserting the pick part waythrough a shed of warp threads and the second of which is employed toreceive the pick from the first and to extend it through the remainderof the shed, the steps of releasing an end of the said filling as soonas a length thereof sufficient to reach across the shed has beenmeasured, and immediately thereafter and before the released end hasbecome appreciably slack, effecting transfer of the pick from the firstcarrier to the second and then extending it to the opposite end of theshed.

4. A method of controlling the loose end of a pick of filling and offacilitating transfer of that filling in a shuttleless loom of the typehaving carriers for filling fed from an external source of supply, afirst one of which carriers is employed for inserting the pick part awaythrough a shed of warp threads and the second of which is employed toreceive the pick from the first and to extend it through the remainderof the shed, the steps of severing said filling as soon as a lengththereof sufficient to reach across the shed has been measured andimmediately after the said filling has been severed and before the freesevered end has become appreciably slack, effecting transfer of the pickfrom the first carrier to the second and then extending it to theopposite end of the shed.

5. A method of controlling filling during the process of weaving in aloom of the type in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insertsaid filling from an external source of supply the stepsof projecting adoubled length of filling toward the center of a warp shed by drawingthe said filling from a supply while holding an end thereof, thenholding the filling at the supply and releasing the said held end assoon as an amount of filling sufiicient to reach across the shed hasbeen withdrawn and measured and before the most advanced portion of thedoubled loop has reached the mid point of the warp shed, and

effecting interengagement of the carriers and transfer of the fillingsubstantially at the same time the end thereof is released, and thenextending the released end to the opposite end of the warp shed.

6. A method of controlling filling during the process of weaving in aloom of the type in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insertsaid filling from an external source of supply, the steps of projectinga doubled length of filling toward the center of a warp'shed by drawingthe said filling from a supply, severing the filling as soon as anamount thereof sulficient to reach across the shed has been withdrawnand measured and before the most advanced portion of the doubled loophas reached the mid point of the warp shed, and effectinginterengagement of the carriers and transfer of the fillingsubstantially at the same time the end thereof is severed.

andithemextending the .releasedend to; theioppo-e site end of thewarpishedai 1 F; a

[A method of can olling filling during the processorweavingmlanem of thetype in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insert said fillingfrom an -extern al"soi1rce of supply, the t s f. nroi ctins d u led;ngth: mi filli toward the center of a warp shed; by; drawing the saidfilling, froma supply. while holding the end thereof, then holding "the"filling "at" the supply and releasing the said held e'nd as soom asranamount of? filling sufficient :to's reach across the shed has beenwithdrawn and measured and terminating the step of projecting thefilling loosp within the warp shed at a point substantially short of themid point of the said shed, and effecting interengagement of thecarriers and transfer of the filling immediately after release thereof,at said point offset from the center of the shed and before the freereleased end has become appreciably slack, and then drawing the said endof fillin across the remainder of the shed.

8. A method of controlling filling during the process of weaving in aloom of the type in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insertsaid filling from an external source of supply, the steps of projectinga doubled length of filling toward the center of a warp shed by drawingthe said filling from a supply, severing the filling as soon as anamount of filling sufficient to reach across the shed has been withdrawnand measured and terminating the step of projecting the filling loopwithin the warp shed at a point substantially short of the mid point ofthe said shed,

and effecting interengagement of the carriers and transfer of thefilling immediately after severing thereof, at said point offset fromthe center of the shed and before the free end thereof has becomeappreciably slack, and then extend ing the filling across the remainderof the shed.

9. A method of controlling filling during the process of weaving in aloom of the type in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insertsaid filling from an external source'of supply, the steps of projectinga doubled length of filling toward the center of the warp shed bydrawing the said filling from a supply while holding the end thereof,then holding the filling at the supply and releasing the said held endas soon as an amount of filling suificient to reach across the shed hasbeen withdrawn and measured and terminating the step of projecting thefilling loop within the warp shed at a point substantially short of themid point of the said shed, and effecting inter-engagement of thecarriers and transfer of thefilling substantially at the same time theend thereof is released and at said point offset from the center of theshed, and extending the released end across the remainder of the shed,then reversing said filling so that the end thereof extending to thesupply is at the opposite side of the said carrier and projecting asecond doubled length of filling connected to the first toward thecenter of the warp shed by drawing the said filling from the supply andsevering it as soon as an amount thereof sufficient to reach across theshed has been withdrawn and measured and terminating the step ofprojecting the filling loop within the warp shed at a pointsubstantially short of the mid point of the said shed, and effectinginterengagement of the carriers and transfer of the filling immediatelyafter severing thereof, at said point offset from the center'of the shedand before the severed end has 681,00; Skinner et a1 Aug. 20; 71901 NameDate Ashton July 29, 1930 Menschner ,May 12, 1931. Dickie et a1. Aug.20, 1935 Dreyfus May 19,1936 Drobile Feb. 1, 1938 Belotti May15, 1951FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain -.Ma,r. 6, 1930

